FHWA Operations Support - Port Peak Pricing Program Evaluation
Foreword
Notice
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Technical Report Documentation Page
1. Report No. FHWA-HOP-09-014 |
2. Government Accession No. |
3. Recipient’s Catalog No. |
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4. Title and Subtitle Port Peak Pricing Program Evaluation |
5. Report Date January 2009 |
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| 6. Performing Organization Code | ||||||
7. Author(s) Akshay Mani and Michael Fischer |
8. Performing Organization Report No. |
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9. Performing Organization Name and Address Cambridge Systematics, Inc. |
10. Work Unit No. |
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11. Contract or Grant No. DTFH61-06-D-00004 |
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12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address U.S. Department of Transportation |
13. Type of Report and Period Covered
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14. Sponsoring Agency Code
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15. Supplementary Notes
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16. Abstract This report evaluates the applicability, Federal policy implications, and possible public and private sector roles related to peak pricing strategies at ports and intermodal facilities in the U.S. A number of ports and intermodal terminals are considering peak-period truck pricing strategies modeled on the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles PierPASS OffPeak program to: 1) reduce peak-period congestion; 2) improve terminal operating efficiencies; 3) reduce truck wait and idle times; 4) improve air quality; and 5) lessen community impacts. This report presents a detailed discussion of the results from this evaluation.
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17. Key Words Freight transportation, freight congestion, peak period congestion, transportation pricing, air quality, community impacts, truck wait times, truck idle time, freight terminal operating efficiencies, PierPASS OffPeak program. |
18. Distribution Statement
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19. Security Classif. (of this report) Unclassified |
20. Security Classif. Unclassified |
21. No of Pages 93 + covers |
22. Price
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Metric Conversion Factors
(International System of Units)
| APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYMBOL | WHEN YOU KNOW | MULTIPLY BY | TO FIND | SYMBOL |
| LENGTH |
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| in |
inches | 25.4 | millimeters | mm |
| ft |
feet | 0.305 | meters | m |
| yd |
yards | 0.914 | meters | m |
| mi |
miles | 1.61 | kilometers | km |
| AREA |
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| in2 |
square inches | 645.2 | square millimeters | mm2 |
| ft2 |
square feet | 0.093 | square meters | m2 |
| yd2 |
square yard | 0.836 | square meters | m2 |
| ac |
acres | 0.405 | hectares | ha |
| mi2 |
square miles | 2.59 | square kilometers | km2 |
| VOLUME |
||||
| fl oz |
fluid ounces | 29.57 | milliliters | mL |
| gal |
gallons | 3.785 | liters | L |
| ft3 |
cubic feet | 0.028 | cubic meters | m3 |
| yd3 |
cubic yards | 0.765 | cubic meters | m3 |
NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m3 |
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| MASS |
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| oz |
ounces | 28.35 | grams | g |
| lb |
pounds | 0.454 | kilograms | kg |
| T |
short tons (2000 lb) | 0.907 | megagrams (or "metric ton") | Mg (or "t") |
| TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) | ||||
| oF |
Fahrenheit | 5 (F-32)/9 |
Celsius | oC |
| ILLUMINATION |
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| fc |
foot-candles | 10.76 | lux | lx |
| fl |
foot-Lamberts | 3.426 | candela/m2 | cd/m2 |
| FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
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| lbf |
poundforce | 4.45 | newtons | N |
| lbf/in2 |
poundforce per square inch | 6.89 | kilopascals | kPa |
| APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYMBOL | WHEN YOU KNOW | MULTIPLY BY | TO FIND | SYMBOL |
| LENGTH |
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| mm |
millimeters | 0.039 |
inches | in |
| m |
meters | 3.28 |
feet | ft |
| m |
meters | 1.09 |
yards | yd |
| km |
kilometers | 0.621 |
miles | mi |
| AREA |
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| mm2 |
square millimeters | 0.0016 |
square inches | in2 |
| m2 |
square meters | 10.764 |
square feet | ft2 |
| m2 |
square meters | 1.195 |
square yards | yd2 |
| ha |
hectares | 2.47 |
acres | ac |
| km2 |
square kilometers | 0.386 |
square miles | mi2 |
| VOLUME |
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| mL |
milliliters | 0.034 |
fluid ounces | fl oz |
| L |
liters | 0.264 |
gallons | gal |
| m3 |
cubic meters | 35.314 |
cubic feet | ft3 |
| m3 |
cubic meters | 1.307 |
cubic yards | yd3 |
| MASS |
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| g |
grams | 0.035 |
ounces | oz |
| kg |
kilograms | 2.202 |
pounds | lb |
| Mg (or "t") |
megagrams (or "metric ton") | 1.103 |
short tons (2000 lb) | T |
TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) |
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| oC |
Celsius | 1.8C+32 | Fahrenheit | oF |
| ILLUMINATION |
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| lx |
lux | 0.0929 |
foot-candles | fc |
| cd/m2 |
candela/m2 | 0.2919 |
foot-Lamberts | fl |
| FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
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| N |
newtons | 0.225 | poundforce | lbf |
| kPa |
kilopascals | 0.145 |
poundforce per square inch | lbf/in2 |
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